Why is the climate changing. (Page 197)

kittybobo34: Setting up a colony on the moon for mining purposes makes allot more sense than trying to build a colony on mars.

kittybobo34: Ghost ,, Last resources such as food, gas. In global warming most of the farm country will be underwater as well as the port oil facilities. But, before it gets to that point food will be the first problem given that climate is screwy and war will disrupt whats left. We are already seeing it in Africa.

GeraldtheGnome: A lot of errors were made on here and I do not mean just grammatical errors. You were told that global warming is happening right now by someone who was told that global warming is happening right by someone who was told that global warming is happening right now and so on. One who never proved the claim was certain that the claim (which in reality is false) is true, so from that blind faith, brainwashing and religious like fanaticism for doomsday science convinced others that it’s true, then each time another convinced other who then convinced others to the point where you are now guessing what will happen if what you think is happening right now continues on far off in the future. Well what you think is around is not around. You have made as much sense about the subject as creationists have in regards to a global flood in the past when Humans were alive.

Everything that you claimed will happen or will possibly will happen is false. We aren’t seeing what you claim is happening in Africa. Please don’t use the collective we when it is a lie that everyone sees what you claim is seen by all, its a far left stunt in attempt to get every Human to feel guilty about something that none of us should not feel guilty of simply because the problem is an imaginary one.

kittybobo34: Gerald, we are seeing a doubling of co2 in the air, that is a fact. Geologists are well aware of two climate warming scenarios that cooked the earth to an extreme one in the Permian, and one later just after the KT event with the same scenario. We are seeing a steadily increasing rise in global temps, acidic ocean water, shrinking of glaciers, increasing deserts, more extreme weather events. We could just stick our collective head in the sand or start doing something about it..

GeraldtheGnome: With religion something was once stated as being true because someone wrote about it, this led to how many believe whatever that it was is still considered to be true to this day, in a religious like way global warming caused by Humans was once stated as being true. Just like that of religion what is believed to be true about it must be true, the thing that the far left don’t like though is that most people don’t believe that crap. In that way it’s the direct opposite of religion, when it comes to religion most people in the world are religious, when it comes to religious like crap about global warming is happening right now and caused by Humans most people aren’t for that crap.

To try to push the agenda further to brainwash others the far left, your and your lot in other words, claim that every form of global warming that did happen in the past was caused by carbon dioxide and some other types of gas. When there was global warming in the past there were times where a build up of certain types or gas were present, there were also times where global warming did not have those types of gas present. There is nothing to show that even when any of those types of gas were more present in the atmosphere that they even slightly contributed to global warming. It’s like saying to someone that a guy who was present at a robbery was the robber just because he was in the area at the time even though the accuser never saw the robbery happen but saw whoever was in the area shortly after that. We, again you used the collective we crap are not seeing everything that you claim, when something happens with the weather it’s not a weather event,. You can polish a turd but it’s still a turd afterwards. We could all just stick our heads in the sand like you want us to do or we could all start doing something about it by all of us going against the myth of present day Human caused global warming.

To you whatever a doomsday scientist comes out with is considered to be a fact. Well not everything that one of them claim is true. You really hate the fact that not everyone agrees with you about it and then you falsely claim that those that don’t agree with you are wrong. So creationists should challenge their thoughts and question everything that they believe in but you shouldn’t ? That’s not just a double standard, it’s hypocritical, it’s nativity, it’s an example of indoctrination, it’s hypocritical, it’s arrogant and it’s ignorant of you to do. No one knows everything yet on this subject you think that you have an all knowing goddess ability and therefore there is no way that you are wrong. You are wrong.

ghostgeek: NUUK FJORD, Greenland — On a shore near Greenland’s capital Nuuk, a local scientist points to a paradox emerging as the island’s glaciers retreat: one of the most alarming consequences of global warming could deliver a way to limit its effects.

“It’s a kind of wonder material,” says geologist and professor Minik Rosing, referring to the ultra-fine silt deposited as the glaciers melt.

Known as glacial rock flour, the silt is crushed to nano-particles by the weight of the retreating ice sheet, which deposits roughly one billion tonnes of it on the world’s largest island per year.

Rosing and his team at the University of Copenhagen have established the nutrient-rich mud boosts agricultural output when applied to farmland and absorbs carbon dioxide from the air in the process.

Scientists at multinational brewer Carlsberg are also investigating and have found that adding 25 tonnes of glacial rock flour per hectare increased crop yield on barley fields in Denmark by 30 percent.

Similarly, researchers from the University of Ghana, managed to increase maize yields by 30 percent using glacial rock flour to offset the impact of rain and heat on poor farmland.

The nano size of the silt’s particles is what allows plants more access to nutrients including potassium, calcium and silicon compared to normal rocky farmland.

[ https://www.arctictoday.com/how-greenlands-melting-glaciers-could-boost-climate-friendly-farming/ ]

ghostgeek: The tiny size of the silt’s particles also helps speed up a natural process whereby rocks absorb CO2.

When the silt dissolves in rainwater and releases its nutrients, it undergoes a chemical reaction that locks in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The solution is then washed out with drainage water and eventually deposited on the seabed as carbonate minerals.

The idea of applying finely-grained rock to farmland is not new and several studies have shown that by-products from mines or quarries can improve soil quality. But the method has gained interest due to the added benefit of absorbing CO2.

“That realization has been a catalyst for a lot more research in this area,” David Beerling, professor at the University of Sheffield and lead author of a study on crushed basalt, said.

The study found that spreading finely crushed basalt on fields, as well as helping crops to grow, removes CO2 from the atmosphere at a cost comparable to other methods of carbon capture.

[ https://www.arctictoday.com/how-greenlands-melting-glaciers-could-boost-climate-friendly-farming/ ]

ghostgeek: Avoiding meat and dairy products is the single biggest way to reduce your environmental impact on the planet, according to the scientists behind the most comprehensive analysis to date of the damage farming does to the planet.

The new research shows that without meat and dairy consumption, global farmland use could be reduced by more than 75% – an area equivalent to the US, China, European Union and Australia combined – and still feed the world. Loss of wild areas to agriculture is the leading cause of the current mass extinction of wildlife.

The new analysis shows that while meat and dairy provide just 18% of calories and 37% of protein, it uses the vast majority – 83% – of farmland and produces 60% of agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions. Other recent research shows 86% of all land mammals are now livestock or humans. The scientists also found that even the very lowest impact meat and dairy products still cause much more environmental harm than the least sustainable vegetable and cereal growing.

[ www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/may/31/avoiding-meat-and-dairy-is-single-biggest-way-to-reduce-your-impact-on-earth?CMP=fb_gu ]

ghostgeek: One surprise from the work was the large impact of freshwater fish farming, which provides two-thirds of such fish in Asia and 96% in Europe, and was thought to be relatively environmentally friendly. “You get all these fish depositing excreta and unconsumed feed down to the bottom of the pond, where there is barely any oxygen, making it the perfect environment for methane production,” a potent greenhouse gas, Poore said.

[ www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/may/31/avoiding-meat-and-dairy-is-single-biggest-way-to-reduce-your-impact-on-earth?CMP=fb_gu ]

ghostgeek: An instrument the size of a lunchbox has been successfully generating breathable oxygen on Mars, doing the work of a small tree.

Since February last year the Mars oxygen in-situ resource utilisation experiment, or Moxie, has been successfully making oxygen from the red planet’s carbon dioxide-rich atmosphere.

Researchers suggest a scaled-up version of Moxie could be sent to Mars, to continuously produce oxygen at the rate of several hundred trees, ahead of humans going to the planet.

[ www.theguardian.com/science/2022/aug/31/nasa-moxie-instrument-successfully-makes-oxygen-on-mars ]

So, if we've now got too much carbon dioxide down here on earth, perhaps Moxie could help us out.

lori100: martians dont want us there

GeraldtheGnome: Grammatical errors were made on here. You all know what I think of this subject where in some places the climate hasn’t changed from what it’s been (which was considered to be the standard even for the early twentieth century). So this claim, which is all it is, is a claim that Earth has too much carbon dioxide is a false one, it is a myth. It is a religious like belief where reality has been substituted for fantasy in science in order for the doomsday science advocates too further their very stupid and very unrealistic agenda.

There were also some people in the past that thought that the sky was falling because of an eclipse, in fact I might even have a video clip of a very cool show about Buddhist mythology that is about that, it’s a part of the cult classic that was realistic. Anyway that’s all that this ‘Martian has for now. Oh yes, if the original Total Recall movie was really a prophecy of the future then (spoiler alert), there’s enough oxygen up there to cover the whole planet. “Open your mind.”

GeraldtheGnome: The climate did get warmer in the Northern Hemisphere, now that’s happening in The Southern Hemisphere, it’s referred to as the changing of the seasons.

zeffur: The US Is Measuring Extreme Heat Wrong
www.wired.com/story/the-us-is-measuring-extreme-heat-wrong/

ghostgeek: Can't say I've ever heard of the heat index, so is it purely an American thing?

ghostgeek: Now here's something to worry about as you look at that new electric car you plan on buying:

Most EV owners currently charge their vehicles at night when they aren’t in use, taking advantage of cheaper, off-peak electricity rates when demand is low and fossil fuel (mostly natural gas) or nuclear power plants are providing much of the electricity. But by 2035, with hotter nighttime temperatures requiring more air conditioning, a low-carbon grid powered predominantly by wind and solar, and tens of millions of EVs on the road, charging those vehicles at night — when the sun isn’t shining — could overburden the power grid.

At any given time, electricity-generating sources connected to the power grid — power plants, solar panels, wind turbines, etc. — need to produce more energy than the total demand from consumers, be it from appliances, lighting, EV charging, or anything else that requires electricity. If there’s not enough generation to meet demand, slight or complete loss of power can occur.

The team of Stanford engineers behind the new report, published in the journal Nature Energy, found that mass EV adoption — where 30%-40% of vehicles or more are electric — coupled with owners charging those EVs in the evening or at night, could shift peak electricity demand on the Western Interconnection, the power grid covering the western U.S. and western Canada, from late afternoon to around 8-9 p.m. and raise it by up to 25%. Meeting this higher demand could necessitate quickly firing up fossil fuel-based “peaker” plants or relying on 10 to 24 gigawatts of grid storage, mostly from batteries charged during the day from excess solar generation. The former option is incredibly polluting, while the latter requires a massive build-out, about 40 to 100 times the grid storage that was available in 2019. Both methods are extremely expensive.

[ https://bigthink.com/the-present/electric-cars-ev-charging-crash-power-grid/ ]

ghostgeek: In a future world where 90% of all vehicles in the U.S. are EVs, charging alone could account for one-third of all electricity use. It’s imperative that this unprecedented rise in demand be spread out during the day to prevent usage peaks that are mismatched with renewable energy production. Innovative software and technology that allows fully-charged electric cars to provide energy back to the grid could also help.

“By avoiding the evening peak and better aligning with renewables, daytime-charging scenarios reduce the amount of storage required to support EV charging and free it to provide other services,” the authors write.

[ https://bigthink.com/the-present/electric-cars-ev-charging-crash-power-grid/ ]

kittybobo34: I would imagine that most of those electric vehicles will be Hybrids. Best one for those that cant charge at home and have to drive long miles. They do not pull much in the way of electricity from the grid.

GeraldtheGnome: The current situation with those type of vehicles is that they are more trouble than they are worth. It’s also a hypocritical display that shows that even many of the far right cannot stand behind their own convictions.

ghostgeek: If the issue is carbon dioxide, surely the road to go is pure battery powered vehicles rather than something that still includes an internal combustion engine? This, at least, seems to increasingly be the thinking of people in the UK:

The number of pure battery electric vehicles (BEV) on UK roads has overtaken plug-in hybrids for the first time, latest figures show. ...

The RAC’s findings come from analysis of Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders (SMMT) data and its own survey of more than 2,400 drivers.

Following the highest ever single month of new BEV registrations in September – an extra 32,721 were sold, despite overall car sales figures being down significantly on recent years – the RAC estimates there are now 332,299 on the roads, compared to 327,183 plug-in hybrids. BEVs now represent 50.4% of all plug-in cars on the UK’s roads since 2010, up from 46.3% at the same time last year. ...

The RAC says its findings could suggest that drivers looking to move away from petrol and diesel models are leapfrogging PHEVs in favour of BEVs.

[ https://www.fleetnews.co.uk/news/car-industry-news/2021/10/11/pure-electric-vehicle-sales-overtake-plug-in-hybrids-for-the-first-time ]

ghostgeek: Anyway renewable energy production isn't snag-free:

Tens of thousands of aging blades are coming down from steel towers around the world and most have nowhere to go but landfills. In the U.S. alone, about 8,000 will be removed in each of the next four years. Europe, which has been dealing with the problem longer, has about 3,800 coming down annually through at least 2022, according to BloombergNEF. It’s going to get worse: Most were built more than a decade ago, when installations were less than a fifth of what they are now.

Built to withstand hurricane-force winds, the blades can’t easily be crushed, recycled or repurposed. That’s created an urgent search for alternatives in places that lack wide-open prairies. In the U.S., they go to the handful of landfills that accept them, in Lake Mills, Iowa; Sioux Falls, South Dakota; and Casper, where they will be interred in stacks that reach 30 feet under.

“The wind turbine blade will be there, ultimately, forever,” said Bob Cappadona, chief operating officer for the North American unit of Paris-based Veolia Environnement SA, which is searching for better ways to deal with the massive waste. “Most landfills are considered a dry tomb.”

[ https://getpocket.com/explore/item/wind-turbine-blades-can-t-be-recycled-so-they-re-piling-up-in-landfills?utm_source=pocket-newtab-global-en-GB ]

ghostgeek: After thousands of charges and discharges, cells of lithium-ion batteries dry up and cracks form in the cathode materials, until the battery can neither hold nor deliver enough charge. Millions of EV batteries will soon be reaching this point, and if they’re deposited at the dump, they can leach toxic chemicals and even catch fire. A few U.S. companies collect batteries for recycling, but this capacity lags behind the volume of spent lithium-ion batteries from cars, phones, computers, and other electronics. In 2019, U.S. recycling companies diverted from landfills about 15 percent of all retired lithium-ion batteries.

Profitability is a major barrier. Though lithium-ion batteries contain valuable metals, they are challenging to take apart, and the minerals are hard to extract from the tight layers of inorganic and organic compounds. By one estimate, the cost of recycled lithium is five times that of virgin lithium from brine-mining. Compare that with lead-acid batteries in combustion cars, which are almost entirely diverted from landfills and recycled. “It’s easy as pie to recycle a lead-acid battery in comparison to a lithium-ion battery,” says geologist Jens Gutzmer, director of the Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology in Germany and coauthor of an article about building a circular metals economy in the Annual Review of Materials Research.

Another problem is that today’s main lithium-ion battery recycling processes are also not particularly efficient. A process used by many recyclers, pyrometallurgy, involves melting down the batteries and burning off plastic separators to extract the coveted metals. Pyrometallurgy is energy-intensive, emits toxic gases, and can’t recover some valuable minerals (including lithium) at all.

With growing EV sales, a massive wave of dead electric car batteries will soon exacerbate recycling problems. By 2028, researchers predict that the world will have more than a million metric tons of them to deal with.

[ https://slate.com/technology/2022/09/electric-vehicle-battery-recycling.html?utm_source=pocket-newtab-global-en-GB ]

wJust_woW:
God reset Florida 🤐 sharks swimming at Flo streets -



Elephant seals having a tour 😂

They say nature, g warming, ,nature phenomena bla bla bla.....

- Nature has taken revenge on you zombis 🐋🐋

ghostgeek: Adversity has a way of bringing the best out of people. Them there sharks are just asking to be caught and fermented.